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Anorexia, or self-starvation, is a disease and it can be fatal if left untreated. Recognition of its symptoms can be the first step toward saving
yourself or someone you love from this dangerous disease.
The following is a list of the observable symptoms:
•Refusal to maintain body weight
•Fear of gaining weight
•Talks about “feeling fat”
•Difficulty with eating full meals
•Rigidity with what they will eat
•An obsessive preoccupation with body size
•Over-exercising
•Intense dissatisfaction with physical appearance
•Personality change from outgoing to withdrawn
•Limit food intake to “arrow selection of low-Cal foods
•Hoarding, concealing, crumbling or throwing away food
•Menstrual difficulties
Behavioral Characteristics.
Anorexic patients see their restricted caloric intake as a very brave and arduous thing to do. They tend to prize challenges over comfort. By
contrast, bulimic patients view their behaviors as shameful and disgusting. In order to recover, patients need help learning to understand the
connection between their beliefs about themselves and their eating disorder behaviors. They often view themselves with such hatred that they
feel deserving of the painful eating disorder behavior. They need to see that their eating disordered behavior is not an achievement, hut avoidance
of true life challenges; not distinctive, hut simply stereotypic. They need to realize their behavior does not clarify their life, but confuses it; and they
need to see that the disorder does not serve higher goals, but actually blocks the realization of those goals. The individual suffering from
destructive eating disorder behavior must begin to challenge a negative mindset and learn to create and allow positive feelings and thoughts
about themselves.
Anorexia Nervosa
Bingeing and Food Control Excessive dieting, food control, and fasting. Collects recipes, and likes to cook/bake, but sometimes refuses to eat with
family. Tension at mealtime, Fear of food; avoidance of consumption.
Purging Compulsive exercising. Fasting
Eating Behavior Food ritual; calorie counting, rigid rules and schedules.
Sleeping Behavior Insomnia and early morning awakening.
Clothing and Dressing Rituals Frequent weighing, layering of clothes.
Social Behavior Social withdrawal, physically and emotionally. Focus on job and or school work.
Abusive Behavior Slow suicidal progression. Self hatred and feeling of unworthiness
Emotional and Cognitive Characteristics
Individuals suffering from eating disorders have restricted emotions and often cannot identify their feelings. What they are aware of is extremely
negative thoughts related to their body – an effective diversion from their emotional turmoil and pain. Their thoughts are obsessively locked onto
the Irrelevant and their feelings are avoided and hidden, even from themselves.
Anorexia Nervosa
Body Image Problems Intense fear of becoming fat. Distorted body image.
Perfectionist Behavior Perfectionist: thinnest, smartest, neatest. Dichotomous thinking: all or nothing, black or white.
Self-Esteem Depression and low sense of self-worth.
Sexuality Decreased interest in sex.
Social Behavior Self-centered and non-social, isolation from others, irritable.
Cognitive Symptoms Difficulty thinking clearly, potential severe cognitive deficits due to malnourishment.
Adapted from Mary Pabst, MSW, Maryland Association for Anorexia Nervosa and Bulimia (MANA) from Panhellenic Task Force

Anorexia Linked To Pleasure-Regulating Brain Chemical
Women who suffer from anorexia have increased chemical activity in a part of the brain that controls reward and reinforcement, something that
may explain why they are driven to lose weight but don’t get any pleasure from it, according to a new study. Researchers used brain-imaging
technology on 10 women who had recovered from anorexia and 12 healthy women. In the anorexic women, they found overactivity by dopamine
receptors in a part of the brain known as the basal ganglia. Dopamine is a brain chemical that is associated with regulating pleasure. “The take-
home message is dopamine in this area may be very important in how we respond to stimuli, how we view positive and negative reinforcement,”
said Dr. Walter Kaye, a psychiatry professor at the University of Pittsburgh Medical Center and one of the researchers involved in the study. Dr.
Guido Frank, a child psychiatry fellow at the University of California at San Diego and also a leader of the study, said the hope is that the research
can lead to the development of drugs to treat anorexia. “It’s very, very hard to treat. They recognize it’s wrong, but they still don’t eat,” Frank said.
The research was reported this month online in the journal Biological Psychiatry. About 1 percent of American women suffer from anorexia, a
disease than can also affect men. It has the highest death rate of any psychiatric illness, Kaye said. Women suffering from anorexia have
obsessional personalities, avoid harm and prefer routine, said Dr. Douglas Bunnell, past president of the National Eating Disorders Association
and clinical director of the Renfrew Center of Connecticut. These women tend to resist therapy and have a distorted perception of themselves, he
said. Although only a small number of women get anorexia in its purest form, there are many more people who suffer from some form of an eating
disorder, Bunnell said. Making the connection between anorexia and what’s happening in the brain is important for understanding and treating
eating disorders, he said.
“There’s still considerable stigma attached to these disorders, particularly for families. People think it reflects something you did as a parent,”
Bunnell said.
Dr. Craig Johnson, director of the eating disorders program at Laureate Psychiatric Hospital in Tulsa, Okla., said anorexia was historically viewed
as a disease brought on by its victims or just a diet gone bad. “Up until this point we have been left with more sociocultural explanations for the
illness and regretfully that has resulted in some levels of minimization, if not glamorization, of the illnesses,” Johnson said. Though the ultimate
goal from the latest study would be to develop treatments for anorexia, the work may also provide data important in anorexia prevention and
identifying people at risk of developing the disease, Johnson said. Frank said researchers still don’t know what is causing the dopamine receptor
to be overactive, but more research may provide an answer.
Behavioral Characteristics.
Bulimia Nervosa
Bingeing and Food Control Eating, in a discrete period of time (e.g. within any 2 hour period), an amount of food that is definitely larger than most
people would eat during a similar period of time and under similar circumstances. Fear of inability to stop eating voluntarily (bingeing), a feeling
that one cannot stop eating or control what or how much one is eating.
Purging Compulsive exercising. Vomiting, laxative, diuretic, or diet pill abuse; or use of other emetics ( syrup of ipecac).
Eating Behavior Secretive food foraging and hoarding, especially at night. Shoplifting and or petty stealing of money to buy binge food.
Sleeping Behavior Various sleep disturbances
Clothing and Dressing Rituals Other obsessive-compulsive patterns, such as trying on clothes five times a day.
Social Behavior Social irregularities, alternating withdrawal with erratic need for social contact and approval. Chaotic relationships and
interaction.
Abusive Behavior Drug and/or alcohol abuse. Suicidal gestures or attempts. Self-hatred and self-mutilation. Feelings of self-disgust.
Emotional and Cognitive Characteristics
Individuals suffering from eating disorders have restricted emotions and often cannot identify their feelings. What they are aware of is extremely
negative thoughts related to their body – an effective diversion from their emotional turmoil and pain. Their thoughts are obsessively locked onto
the Irrelevant and their feelings are avoided and hidden, even from themselves.
Bulimia Nervosa
Body Image Problems Preoccupation with appearance and “image”.
Perfectionist Behavior Perfectionist: high performance and achievement expectations. Perfectionist inside, but sometimes chaotic outside. Facade
of normalcy, seemingly “got it together”.
Self-Esteem Low self-esteem: self-loathing, self disgust, and depression.
Sexuality May be promiscuous or confused about sexuality, a mask for a desire to he accepted and respected.
Social Behavior Constant feeling of being out of control; vacillates between isolation and extreme need for external validation.
Cognitive Symptoms Inability to accurately identify and express feelings. Out of touch with one’s feelings, (e.g. anger, affection, humor). Thoughts
obsessive and focused on the eating disorder cycle.
Adapted from Mary Pabst, MSW, Maryland Association for Anorexia Nervosa and Bulimia (MANA) from Panhellenic Task Force
Bulimia not always about looking thin
Freshman Jane Felton said she would purge to make herself feel better in comparison to other women, who made her feel insufficient.
“I always thought I was chubby – chubbier than the rest of the girls in my class,” Felton said. “Most of the time I wouldn’t eat, unless I was stressed
out or I was really hungry. In those situations, I would just eat a lot of junk food, because that made me feel sick quicker. Then I would run to the
bathroom, stick my finger in my throat and throw it all up. I wanted to be pretty,” she said.
According to Dr. Donald McAlpine, a psychiatrist and the director of the eating disorders services at the Mayo Clinic in Rochester, Minn., bulimia,
also referred to as bulimia nervosa, is a psychological eating disorder that involves repeated episodes of overeating. This is followed by
inappropriate ways of trying to rid the body of the food before weight gain occurs, he said.
In most cases, the disorder is not solely about being thin. It can also become a way to “gain total control of some aspect of their life,” Judy
Blackstone, a UW-Eau Claire counselor said.
According to the National Eating Disorder Association, overwhelming lifestyles full of never-ending homework, significant other pressures, difficult
family relationships and additional stressing aspects are common causes for self-induced purging.
“None of the eating disorders are about food,” Blackstone said. “They’re about the way we feel about ourselves.”
Cases of bulimia may start in post-adolescence due to unattainable standards of American society and continues all throughout college, she said.
The Spectator News
1.Tend to hide and bottle up feelings – especially anger
2.Hypersensitive to criticism, though have a critical spirit themselves
3.Shame to control self and others
4.Impulsive in thought and action
5.Has great difficulty with intimacy, both sexual and emotional
6.Obsession with weight, though tend not to be extremely overweight
7.Addicted to the scale
8.Tend to have very strong need for other’s approval, but feels as though they never get it
9.Very secretive, deal with very high amounts of guilt
10.Obsessive in thought about physical body
11.Believes that God disapproves of them
12.Tremendous physical exhaustion
13.PMS tendency, irregular periods
14.Dizziness, headaches, constant thirst
15.Digestive disturbances, extreme, bloated
16.Electrolyte imbalance resulting in muscular weakness
17.Dental problems
18.A life of extremes in relationships, spirituality, and emotions
19.Chronic low self-esteem
20.Disturbed metabolism.
What works in treatment?
1.Whole person approach
2.Non-diet approach
3.Self-esteem retraining
4.Nutritional reeducation
5.Spiritual renewal
6.Relationship enhancement
7.Identity development
Bulimia Symptoms
•95% to 98% female
•84% have some college education
•Usually white-this is changing
•64% are closer to proper weight
•On the average, binges occur 11 times per week
•Average number of calories consumed: 4,800
•Average age at onset: 18
•Estimated number of bulimic college women – 20-30%
•Very unhappy and have low self-esteem
•Often depressed
•Tend to be passive individuals
•Tend to rely on others, especially me” for self- validation
•Afraid of rejection
•Perfectionists
•Isolated
•Very secretive
•Unsure how to cope with stresses of life
If you need help with your ED please contact and see this online help.. click here.

The Bikini Diet… tips and exercise.
Bikini Tip #1: Start with a 9-inch plate. You may not be surprised to learn that as our waistlines have
increased, so have the sizes of our plates. Get our your plate and
measure its diameter with a ruler—don’t eyeball it. If your plate is
bigger than 9 inches, put it back on the shelf and get a new one!

Repeat this workout 2-3 times each week (be sure to rest 1-2 days in between). For extra calorie burn,
work in a “circuit,” moving quickly from one

Cellulite does not exist only for overweight women.
Thin women have the problem, too.
Older people have more cellulite than younger people.
Women experiencing puberty, menstruation, or menopause are more likely to
develop cellulite due to hormonal changes.
No cure exists for 100% cellulite removal….not even surgery!!
there are some steps you can take to reduce existing cellulite and slow the build-
up of additional cellulite.

Increase your cardiovascular exercise, up to 60 minutes every day. Do a “two a
day” meaning walk in the morning and again at night. This will help to burn up
the calories and excess body fat and improve circulation in your legs.
Incorporate strength training into your routine three days a week. Try exercises
that will tone the hamstrings, quadriceps, hips and glutes. Doing lower body
exercises 3 days a week can result in noticeable changes in a month. And
although guys don’t typically suffer from the curse of cellulite based on their
hormonal makeup, men will benefit from these exercises too. Strength training
is good for everyone.
Stay hydrated and eat healthy. Avoid preservatives, chemicals and processed
foods, as they can increase the toxins in your body and create inflammation
(which doesn’t aid in the appearance of cellulite). If your inner body is healthy
and feels good it will start to show on the outside.
Eat plenty of leafy greens, fruits and veggies. Keep junk, sugar and alcohol to a
bare minimum. Avoid caffeine, candy, alcohol, and high fat foods.
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Now here is some more information..
Cellulite is the expression used to describe pockets of fat which are trapped and
cause dimpling in the skin. This dimpling is irregular and patchy and has been
identified with orange peel.
90% of post-adolescent women go on to develop cellulite at some time during
their life although it is very hardly ever seen in men. The thighs, buttocks and
the abdomen are the most common areas for a woman to develop cellulite.
Although it is often mistaken for obesity, cellulite is not actually obesity related
because it can also take place in thin lean women.
Underneath the dermis and epidermis are three specific layers of fat. Cellulite
tends to develop in the subcutaneous fat layers. This layer of fat is unique in its
structure compared to the other layers because its fatty parts are structured into
specific chambers by strands of linked tissue around it.

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